- 1 Law No. 50/2014/QH13 dated June 18, 2014 on the construction
- 2 Circular No. 43/2013/TT-BCT dated December 31, 2013, regulations on content, sequence, procedures for formulation, assessment, approval and adjustment to electricity development planning
- 3 Decision No. 428/QD-TTg dated 18 March 2016, the approval of revisions to the national power development plan from 2011 to 2020 with visions extended to 2030
- 4 Law No. 61/2020/QH14 dated June 17, 2020 on Investment
- 5 Resolution No. 55-NQ/TW dated February 11, 2020 on orientations of strategy for national energy development by 2030 with a vision towards 2045
MINISTRY OF INDUSTRY AND TRADE OF VIETNAM | SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM |
No. 3787/BCT-DL | Hanoi, July 04, 2022 |
To: Prime Minister
Implementing coordination of the Prime Minister under Official Letter No. 182/LDCP dated June 10, 2022 on the 8th Electricity Planning; on the basis of order of Prime Minister Le Van Thanh in the meeting in June 18, 2022 and under Document No. 3671/VPCP-CN dated June 14, 2022 of the Office of the Government on clarifying the 8th Electricity Planning, Ministry of Industry and Trade hereby reports the followings:
1. Feasibility of the 8th Electricity Planning
3 electrical load scenarios according to outlook have been implemented: low (increased by 8,43/year for the period of 2021-2025, increased by 7,14%/year for the period of 2026-2030), base (increased by 9,09%/year for the period of 2021-2025, increased by 7,95%/year for the period of 2026-2030) and high (increased by 9,84%/year for the period of 2021-2025, increased by 8,88%/year for the period of 2026-2030), correspond to 3 GDP growth scenarios: low (increased by 6,2%/year for the period of 2021-2025, increased by 5,8%/year for the period of 2026-2030), average (increased by 6,8%/year for the period of 2021-2025, increased by 6,4%/year for the period of 2026-2030) and high (increased by 7,5%/year for the period of 2021-2025, increased by 7,2%/year for the period of 2026-2030).
Electrical load outlook results for base load and high load by 2030 are: peak capacity reaches approximately 86.500-93.300 MW, commercial electricity output reaches approximately 491,2-530,4 billion kWh, produced and imported electricity reaches approximately 551,3-595,4 billion kWh.
The 8th Electricity Planning has calculated electricity source and electrical grid development programs to meet Base load scenarios and High load scenarios.
Based on the demand for development of major electricity sources in 2016-2020 (achieving approximately 63% of the planning), the 8th Electricity Planning calculates operational solutions using high load scenarios with a 15% provision of electricity source capacity in case only 85% of electricity source capacity is achieved by the development of major electricity sources.
Results of electricity source development programs according to operational solutions are as follows: By 2030, total capacity of electrical plant reaches 145.930 MW (excluding rooftop solar power and cogeneration sources). In which, coal-fired electricity reaches 37.467 MW (25,7%); hydroelectricity (including small-scale hydroelectricity) reaches 28.946 MW (19,8%); thermoelectricity using gases from domestic sources reaches 14.930 MW (10,2%); LNG-fired electricity reaches 23.900 (16,4%); land-based wind power reaches 16.121 MW (11%); offshore wind power reaches 7.0000 (4,8%); concentrated solar power reaches 8.736 MW (6%); biomass electricity and other renewable energy reaches 1.230 MW (0,8%); pumped-storage hydroelectricity and storage battery reaches 2.450 MW (1,7%).
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Electricity source and grid development program of the 8th Electricity Planning must be able to guarantee electricity supply reliability for socio-economic development of Vietnam, which is shown via the fact that loss of load expectation (LOLE) criterion is not greater than 12 hours/year.
Under Presentation No. 2279/TTr-BCT dated April 29, 2022 requesting approval for the 8th Electricity Planning, Ministry of Industry and Trade has researched and develop national electricity development programs in order to provide sufficient electricity for all socio-economic development, national security and defense demands of the country in each year for each region until 2030.
In addition to calculating planning models, Ministry of Industry and Trade has assessed electricity source development program and the impact on electricity supply capability until 2030:
- Coal-fired electricity:
+ 11 coal-fired electricity projects with total capacity of 12.960 MW are in construction and will be brought into operation until 2030, including Na Duong 2 (110 MW), An Khanh - Bac Giang (650 MW), Thai Binh 2 (1.200 MW), Quang Trach 1 (1.200 MW), Long Phu 1 (1.200 MW), Song Hau I (1.200 MW), Nghi Son II (1.330 MW), Duyen Hai II (1.320 MW), Van Phong 1 (1.420 MW), Vung Ang II (1.330 MW), Song Hau II (2.000 MW).
+ 4 projects with total capacity of 4.800 MW may face risks in implementation, including: Nam Dinh (1.200 MW) in which the investors inform that they have managed the capital, Cong Thanh (600 MW), Quang Tri (1.200 MW), Vinh Tan III (1800 MW).
- Gas-fired thermo power using domestic gas: By 2030, 7.240 MW is expected to be developed, including: Lo B gas-fired power plants (O Mon 2, 3, 4 power plants with total capacity of 3.150 MW); Ca Voi Xanh gas-fired power plants (Dung Quat 1, 2, 3 power plants and Mien Trung 1, 2 power plants with total capacity of 3.750 MW) and a power plant using Bao Vang Mine with total capacity of 340 MW. These electricity sources play a very crucial role in energy security of Vietnam. Thus, solutions must be devised in order to maintain progress of O Mon - Lo B thermal electricity plants (3.150 MW, operating in the period of 2025-2027) and Mien Trung - Ca Voi Xanh thermal electricity plants (3.750 MW, operating in the period of 2028- 2029)
+ Lo B gas mines: The primary issue in the upstream section is the Government guarantee issue. However, the Ministry of Industry and Trade has finished negotiation and Japan has officially signed to remove Government guarantee requirements while Thailand is in negotiation (taking 5%) over the removal of these requirements. In the downstream section, 2 power plants (O Mon 3 and 4) are invested by Vietnam Electricity (EVN) in which bidding for selection of general EPC contractors for O Mon 4 power plant is being organized while O Mon 3 power plant has not have its investment guidelines issued due to ODA procedures which will essentially be resolved in the time to come; O Mon 2 power plant is having Marubeni and WTO acting as investors, its investment guidelines to be issued, and feasibility study being completed. Thus, all power plants using Lo B gas mines has essentially made progress.
+ Ca Voi Xanh gas mines: currently facing risks in the upstream section (implemented by ExxonMobil) regarding internal investment direction as this project is not a priority of ExxonMobil. Thus, the negotiation for commercial agreements and GGU are slowed down thereby affecting other tasks. In the downstream section, EVN invests in Dung Quat 1 and 3 power plant projects while Sembcorp invests in Dung Quat 2 BOT project whose FS has been approved and gas sale agreements are in negotiation, EVN invests in Mien Trung 1, 2 Combined Cycle Gas Turbine Projects whose 1:500 planning and FS is being produced with expected progress for 2028-2029.
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- LNG gas sources for thermal electricity: expected total development capacity by 2030 according to operational solutions is 23.900 MW, including:
+ 11 projects with total capacity of 17.900 MW are approved and added in the revised 7th Electricity Planning, including: Nhon Trach 3,4 (1.500 MW), stage 1 Hiep Phuoc (1.200 MW), Bac Lieu (3.200 MW), Son My 1 (2.250 MW), Son My 2 (2.250 MW), Long An 1 (1.500 MW), Ca Na (1.500 MW), Quang Ninh 1 (1.500 MW), Long Son (1.500 MW), Hai Lang (1.500 MW). Regarding IPP projects implemented by domestic investors (Nhon Trach 3, 4 where PV Power acts as project developer; Hiep Phuoc of Hiep Phuoc Limited Liability Company), the biggest issue usually comes from arranging capital of domestic and foreign credit institutions, despite this, the projects are being carried out as per planning. Regarding IPP projects joined by foreign investors (Bac Lieu ò DOE; Long An 1, 2 of Vinacapital and GS Energy Joint Venture; Quang tri of T&T and Korean investor Joint Venture), common issue comes from the fact that loaning organizations usually lay down strict Government guarantee requirements some of which exceed the current legal boundary (for instance, the Bac Lieu project - details are reported in subsequent section).
+ 4 projects with total capacity of 6.000 MW are expected to be integrated in the 8th Electricity Planning in the Northern Region, including: Thai Binh (1.500 MW), Nghi Son (1.500 MW), Quynh Lap (1.500 MW), Quang Trach 2 (1.500 MW). In which, 2 new projects are Thai Binh and Nghi Son, 2 projects which are included in the revised 7th Electricity Planning and will convert from coal to LNG are Quynh Lap and Quang Trach 2. These projects will achieve the best progress in the period of 2028 - 2030.
- Offshore wind power: expect to develop 7.000 MW (3.000 MW in the Southern Region and 4.000 MW in the Northern Region). Offshore wind power in the Northern Region should be brought into operation as early as 2027 in order to power the Northern Region.
- Land-based wind power: an additional 12.000 MW should be brought into use until 2030, in which, approximately 2.800 MW in the Northern Region should be brought into use from 2024-2025. Currently, since the 8th Electricity Planning has not been approved, these electricity sources lack the legal basis for implementation.
Progress review results of each year of major electricity source projects are subject to planning for the period of 2021-2030 under Appendix 1.
2. Regarding solar power planning
Under Document No. 2715/BCT-DL dated May 20, 2022, Ministry of Industry and Trade reported and requested coordination of the Prime Minister regarding planning of solar power projects. Review results of planned solar power projects:
2.1. Implementation of solar power planning
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- There are 58 projects whose planning is approved by the Prime Minister (13.337 MWp, 11.080 MW), among which, 55 projects (12.727 MWp, 10.181 MW) are primarily located in the Central Region and the Southern Region (accounting for 95%) and 3 projects (610 MWp, 488 MW) are located in the Northern Region. There are 21 projects (5.771 MWp, 4.711 MW) that have been brought into operation (42,5% of all projects) and are all located in the Central and Southern Region.
- There are 117 projects whose planning is approved by the Prime Minister (5.277 MWp, 4.221 MW), among which, 110 projects (5.034 MWp, 4.208 MW) are located in the Central Region and the Southern Region (accounting for 95%) and 7 projects (243 MWp, 194 MW) are located in the Northern Region. There are 110 projects (5.032 MWp, 4.025 MW) that have been brought into operation (95% of all projects), among which, there are 106 projects (4.873 MWp, 3.898 MW) that are located in the Central and Southern region.
2.2. Solar power projects that have not been brought into operation
There are 51 solar power projects/parts of solar power projects with total capacity of 6.564,67 MW that have been approved for additional planning with some capacity that has not been brought into operation, in which:
(i) There are 5 solar power projects/parts of solar power projects with total capacity of 452,62 MW which have been built are waiting for electricity sale price, including:
- Phu My (Phu My 1 - 64,75 MW operating from December 30, 2020, Phu My 3 - 23,75 MW operating from December 24, 2020): approved for additional planning by the Prime Minister under Document No. 932/TTg-CN dated July 23, 2018; issued with investment guidelines and having investors approved for Phu My 1 Solar Power Project under Decision No. 3164/QD-UBND dated September 17, 2018 and Decision No. 3695/QD-UBND dated October 14, 2019, for Phu My 3 Solar Power Project under Decision No. 3166/QD-UBND dated September 17, 2018, Decision No. 3697/QD-UBND dated October 14, 2019 and Decision No. 3103/QD-UBND dated July 27, 2021 by People’s Committee of Binh Dinh Province. On the basis of planning and investment guidelines approved by competent authorities, project developers shall implement projects as per the law. Total investment of Phu My 1 Project is approximately 1.736,6 billion VND, construction and work item commissioning notice has been issued (Document No. 87/TB-DL dated June 16, 2022 of the Electricity and Renewable Energy Authority); total investment of Phu My 3 is approximately 1.901 billion VND and construction and work item commissioning notice has been issued Document No. 88/TB-DL dated June 16, 2022).
- There are 3 parts of the project, including: Thien Tan 1.2 (80 MW) which has been completed in its entirety with 48,23 MWp commissioned for COD, Thien Tan 1.3 (32 MW) has been completed but its commercial operation date (COD) has not been commissioned, Thien Tan 1.4 (80 MW) has been completed in its entirety from June 30, 2021 but its COD has not been commissioned: these projects belong to Thien Tan 1 Solar Power Project with capacity of 300 MW and planning approved by the Prime Minister under Decision No. 428/QD-TTg dated March 18, 2016 but solutions for connecting to the national grid have not been devised. On the basis of proposal of People's Committee of Ninh Thuan Province, Ministry of Industry and Trade has additionally appraised connection solutions, reported to the Prime Minister, and obtained approval under Document No. 1489/TTg-CN dated October 27, 2020. People’s Committee of Ninh Thuan Province issued investment guidelines and approved investors for Thien Tan 1.2, Thien Tan 1.3, and Thien Tan 1.4 solar power projects under Decisions No. 1919/QD-UBND, 1920/QD-UBND and 1921/QD-UBND dated October 29, 2020. Project developers have adopted project investment procedures and are waiting for electricity sale price. Construction authorities have not received construction completion report as per the law. Total investment of Thien Tan 1.2 Project is approximately 1.974,1 billion VND, of Thien Tan 1.3 Project is approximately 938 billion VND, and of Thien Tan 1.4 is approximately 1.993 billion VND.
- A part of Phuoc Minh and Thuan Nam project (172,12 MW): the project has a total capacity of 450 MW and has been approved by the Prime Minister for additional planning under Document No. 70/TTg-CN dated January 9, 2020; issued with investment guidelines and having investors approved under Decision No. 79/QD-UBND dated April 3, 2020 by People’s Committee of Ninh Thuan Province. Project developers have implemented construction investment, obtained the license to carry out electricity works, and obtained partial commissioning for COD, while the sale price of the 172,12 MW capacity is still undetermined. Total investment of the project is approximately 11.138,2 billion VND (the remainder whose sale price is not determined is estimated with 4.260,2 billion VND in total investment). Notice on inspection of construction and work item commissioning of construction authorities has not been issued.
(ii) There are 19 projects/parts of projects with total capacity of 1.975,8 MW have had investors and have been implemented in different levels, including:
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- Phuoc Thai 2 (100 MW), Phuoc Thai 3 (50 MW): approved by the Prime Minister for additional planning under Document No. 356/TTg-CN dated March 9, 2017; issued with investment guidelines and having investors approved under Decision No. 221/QD-UBND and 222/QD-UBND dated February 24, 2020 by People’s Committee of Ninh Thuan Province. Project has been produced, appraised by state authorities in terms of fundamental design, having EPC contractors selected for project execution.
- Ngoc Lac (45 MW): approved by Ministry of Industry and Trade for additional planning under Decision No. 4322/QD-BCT dated November 16, 2017; issued with investment guidelines and having investors approved by People’s Committee of Thanh Hoa Province under Decision No. 324/QD-UBND dated January 25, 2018. The project has had is fundamental design appraised by state authorities, technical design produced, power purchase agreement, land rent agreement, and equipment procurement agreement obtained.
- Krong Pa 2 (39,2 MW): approved by Ministry of Industry and trade for additional planning under Decision No. 423/QD-BCT dated January 31, 2018; issued with investment guidelines and having investors approved by People’s Committee of Gia Lai Province under Decision No. 239/QD-UBND dated May 25, 2018 and Decision No. 765/QD-UBND dated November 1, 2021. The project has had its fundamental design and technical design appraised by state authorities, electrical substation and 110kv power line entered into contract for procurement and installation, and infrastructure work items being built. Total project investment is approximately 927,2 billion VND.
- Duc Hue 2 (39,2 MW): approved by Prime Minister for additional planning under Document No. 1632/TTg-CN dated November 20, 2020; issued with investment guidelines and having investors approved by People’s Committee of Long An Province under Decision No. 761/QD-UBND dated January 25, 2022. Project developers have hired consultants to produce feasibility reports and have obtained certificate of land use right.
- KN Yaly - Gia Lai (400 MW): approved for additional planning by the Prime Minister under Document No. 1870/TTg-CN dated December 31, 2020; issued with investment guidelines and having investors approved by People’s Committee of Gia Lai Province under Decision No. 435/QD-UBND dated May 21, 2021. Project developers have hired consultants to produce feasibility study and have signed cadastral surveying contract for clearance purposes.
- MT2 (24 MW): approved for integration in the revised 7th Electricity Planning by the Prime Minister under Document No. 1632/TTg-CN dated November 20, 2020; issued with investment guidelines and having investors approved by People’s Committee of Binh Phuoc Province under Decision No. 1173/QD-UBND dated June 24, 2022.
- MT1 (24 MW): approved by Prime Minister for additional planning under Document No. 1632/TTg-CN dated November 20, 2020; issued with investment guidelines and having investors approved by People’s Committee of Binh Phuoc Province under Decision No. 937/QD-UBND dated May 18, 2022. Project developers have hired consultants to produce feasibility reports and have managed to hire land.
- A part of Chau Duc Industrial Zone (42 MW): approved for additional planning by Prime Minister under Document No. 217/TTg-CN dated February 9, 2018 and obtained certificate of investment from People’s Committee of Ba Ria - Vung Tau Province from 2019. The project has been constructed and brought into commercial operation partially (58 MW).
- KN Srepok 3 - stage 1 (304 MW): approved for additional planning by the Prime Minister under Document No. 1870/TTg-CN dated December 31, 2020; issued with investment certificate and having investors approved by People’s Committee of Dak Lak Province under Decision No. 523/QD-UBND dated March 1, 2022. Project developers have hired consultants to produce feasibility study, sign contracts for cadastral drawing excerpt, and planted clearance markers.
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- Trang Duc (39,2 MW): approved for additional planning by Prime Minister under Document No. 1632/TTg-CN dated November 20, 2020; issued with investment guidelines and having investors approved by People’s Committee of Gia Lai Province under Decision No. 428/QD-UBND dated July 20, 2021. Project developers have signed contracts with consultants to produce feasibility study, requested state authorities to appraise feasibility study, produce list of land compensation beneficiaries, purchased a part of land, and obtained written permission from People’s Committee of Gia Lai Province for transfer guidelines, capital contribution, and land use right rent for project execution.
- Son Quang (23,2 MW): approved for additional planning by Ministry of Industry and Trade under Decision No. 2876/QD-BCT dated August 15, 2018; issued with investment guidelines and having investors approved by People’s Committee of Ha Tinh Province under Decision No. 2908/QD-UBND dated September 29, 2018 and Decision No. 3379/QD-UBND dated November 6, 2018.
- KN Yaly Kon Tum (160 MW): approved for additional planning by Prime Minister under Document No. 1870/TTg-CN dated December 31, 2020; issued with investment certificate and having investors approved by People’s Committee of Kon Tum Province under Decision No. 256/QD-UBND dated April 2, 2021. Project developers have signed contracts for producing cadastral drawing excerpt and planting clearance markers, signed surveying contracts for production of feasibility study, and signed environmental impact assessment (EIA) report.
- Duc An (30 MW): approved for integration in the Electricity development planning of Dak Nong Province by Ministry of Industry and Trade under Decision No. 2097/QD-BCT dated July 11, 2016; issued investment certificate and having investors approved by People’s Committee of Dak Nong Province under Decision No. 423/QD-UBND dated March 27, 2020 and Decision No. 1515/QD-UBND dated September 9, 2021. Project developers have made excerpt of land plot drawing for land assignment and repurposing to land for energy purposes under Decision No. 411/QD-UBND dated April 1, 2019, produced feasibility study and signed construction contract.
- A part of Ho Dau Tieng Solar Power Project (Dau Tieng 5 Solar Power Plant with 450 MW in capacity): approved for additional planning by the Prime Minister under Document No. 1228/TTg-CN dated August 18, 2017 and having their progress revised under Document No. 1608/TTg-CN dated November 18, 2020; issued with investment guidelines and having investors approved by the People’s Committee of Tay Ninh Province under Decision NO. 323/QD-UBND dated February 10, 2022, Decision No. 333/QD-UBND dated February 10, 2022. Project developers have produced feasibility study, entered into deposit contract, and produced land use drawing for clearance purposes.
- Thanh Hoa 1 (128 MW): approved for additional planning by the Prime Minister under Document No. 1104/TTg-CN dated August 23, 2018; issued with investment guidelines and having investors approved by People’s Committee of Thanh Hoa Province under Decision No. 1841/QD-UBND dated June 1, 2021.
- Mai Son (10 MW): approved for additional planning by Ministry of Industry and Trade under Decision No. 4146/QD-BCT dated October 17, 2016; issued with investment guidelines and having investors approved under Decision No. 179/QD-UBND dated January 23, 2017. Project developers have produced and requested state authorities to appraise technical design. People’s Committee of Son La Province issued Document No. 738/UBND-KT dated March 7, 2022 requesting removal from planning due to clearance-related issues.
- A part of Thien Tan 1.3 Solar Power Project (8 MW): issued with investment guidelines and having investors approved by People’s Committee of Ninh Thuan Province under Decision No. 1920/QD-UBND dated October 29, 2020. The project has had fundamental design approved by state authorities and technical design produced.
(iii) There are 27 projects/parts of projects with total capacity of 4.136,25 MW that still lack investors, including: 26 solar power projects and the remaining part of Ho Dau Tieng Solar Power Project (1.050 MW in capacity) In which, some projects are waiting for investment guidelines which are being appraised by local projects while some projects have not made any progress.
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Thus, all projects/parts of projects that have been built have total capacity of 452,62 MW and total investment of 11.800 billion VND; solar power projects whose planning and investors have been approved (by June 25, 2022) have total capacity of 1975,8 MW but lack the basis/data to determine investment; solar power projects that have been included in planning without having approved investors have total capacity of 4.136,25 MW. Assessing the legality of the projects:
(i) Regarding planning: projects have been appraised and presented to competent authorities for approval in accordance with Circular No. 43/2013/TT-BCT dated December 31, 2013 of Ministry of Industry and Trade.
(ii) Regarding issuance of investment guidelines: on the basis of planning approved by competent authorities, local governments shall appraise in order to issue investment certificate as per the law. People’s Committees of provinces and central-affiliated cities are responsible for issuing investment certificate and approving investors.
(iii) Regarding investment for construction: project developers are responsible for executing projects in accordance with planning approved by competent authorities while adhering to provisions on investment and construction under the Law on Investment, Law on Construction, other relevant law provisions. The majority of projects have had investors, are in implementation, have not had their construction completion report submitted, have not had recorded figure of total investment and thus lack the basis to determine costs incurred by the investors and assess the damage caused by inability to carry on execution of projects whose investors have been approved by 2030.
In order to avoid legal risks, prevent lawsuits, and compensate the investors, Ministry of Industry and Trade proposes continuing development of solar power projects whose investors have been approved (including built projects) until 2030 with total capacity of 2.428,42 MW. Solar powers whose investors have not been approved with total capacity of 4.136,25 MW can be extended to the period following the year of 2030 in order to ensure reasonable ratio of renewable energy in the system. If the renewable energy was brought into operation before 2030, renewable energy ratio in the system will rise (account for 26% of total system capacity) and affect safe, reliable operation of electrical system and economic operation of current hydroelectricity, thermal electricity, and wind electricity. During the period that leads to 2030, if technical conditions of the national electrical grid improve, obtain more equipment for operating and absorbing more solar energy, and safety and efficiently operate electricity sources in the system or if multiple electricity sources are behind progress and requiring replacement, Ministry of Industry and Trade shall request EVN to calculate, inspect, and report to the Government.
In addition to solar power projects that sell electricity to the national grid, solar power (and even wind power) projects that are self-sufficient and do not send electricity to the national grid; solar power (and even wind power) projects serving production of new forms of energy (hydrogen, green ammonia, chemical, etc.) also need to be prioritized for development, planning, and implemented regardless of capacity scale and structures of the planning.
3. Regarding LNG source planning
3.1. Conformity with Resolution No. 55
External costs (social costs to be incurred during electricity development) have not been taken into account when calculating technical matters in order to promulgate Resolution No. 55-NQ/TW and calculating optimal electricity sources, hence in 2030, coal-fired thermal electricity accounts for approximately 55 GW, wind power accounts for 22 GW and total capacity of thermal electricity sources accounts for approximately 77 GW. The 8th Electricity Planning has included external costs resulting in drastic decline in scale of coal-fired electricity sources in 2030 down to 37 GW, 18 GW lower than the scale specified under Resolution No. 55-NQ/TW, conformity with development trend of Vietnam, and movement towards net “0” emissions in 2050.
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In addition, by 2030, total capacity of power plants will reach 145.930 MW (excluding rooftop solar power installation and cogeneration sources) which is higher than the goal set under Resolution No. 55-NQ/TW (125-130 GW) but fits the extensive development of renewable energy and cleaner electricity sources in order to fulfill Vietnam’s commitment in the COP26.
Resolution No. 55/NQ-TW introduces the requirements for diversifying electricity sources in order to ensure energy security. Electricity source structure under the 8th Electricity Planning has met the requirements for diversifying electricity sources. 16,4 % of LNG is deemed reasonable.
Among the total capacity of 23.900 MW of LNG in 2030 of the 8th Electricity planning, 17.900 MW is transferred from the revised 7th Electricity Planning and an additional 6.000 MW must be developed primarily in the Northern Region in order to ensure base-load of electrical grid in the Northern Region.
By 2025 and 2030, given the expected electricity source structure under the 8th Electricity Planning (in which, LNG-based electricity source will be 3.500 MW and 23.900 MW respectively), Vietnam’s HHI[1] will be 2.397 points and 2.302 points respectively. This HHI value of Vietnam suggests that the diversity of electricity sources has drastically improved compared to that in 2020 (where HHI was 3.127 points). This index suggests considerable diversity of electricity sources in the system and detachment from any single model or fuel. HHI of security of electricity supply of Vietnam in 2025 and 2030 will surpass that of Korea (2.856 points) and Japan (2.415 points) compare to Vietnam's HHI in 2020.
3.2. Feasibility of LNG import for Vietnam's electricity generation
Regarding global LNG supply, according to BP Statistical Review of World Energy 2021, the remaining proven reserve of natural gas is 188 trillion m3 which is available for the approximately 50 more years. According to TOTAL’s outlook in the LNG Outlook Medium & Long Term review in 2021, the global LNG supply will surge until 2030 leading by the North American, followed by the Middle East, Africa, and Russia. Australia is mentioned as one of the countries with large imports but with unimpressive growth rate. By 2030, American, Qatar, Australia, Russia, and Mozambique will be the top 5 LNG exporters. In which, other than Australia, the other 4 countries will have LNG export growth rate exceeded the current grow rate: America (increase by 90-100 million tonne/year, 4 times the current value) Qatar (increase by 50 million tonne/year, 1,6 times the current value), Russia (increase by 40 million tonne/year, 2 times the current value), Mozambique (increase by 40 million tonne/year). Indonesia and Malaysia maintain export at 50 million tonne/year and 22 million tonne/year during the period of 2020 - 2040.
Regarding global LNG demand, the current top 5 LNG importers are, in order, China, Japan, Korea, India, and Taiwan. LNG import of China and Japan in 2021 is 79 million tonne and 75 million tonne respectively. LNG import of the other 3 countries is 45 million tonne, 22 million tonne, and 20 million tonne respectively. Europe’s LNG import demand in 2021 is approximately 80 million tonne. According to LNG demand outlook of BP and TOTAL, Asia will continue to be the world’s top LNG demand, consume more than 60% of global production while Europe consumes approximately 20%.
Following the Russia-Ukraine conflict, Europe started to restrict energy import from Russia and promote LNG imported from other countries. Thus, the current global LNG market is highly competitive. Australia is primarily exporting LNG to Asia but soon will expand to Europe. American is expected to continue to supply gas to Europe, Asia, South America and Middle America. Russia and China promotes natural gas import and export via pipelines from Siberia.
In the short term and medium term, Vietnam may import LNG from countries such as Australia, America, Russia, and Qatar since these are the biggest LNG exporters which plan to increase export. In the long term, diversifying LNG import by importing from other countries such as Mozambique, Turkmenistan, and Iran should be taken into consideration. Given the great number of LNG supply from around the world, the possibility of importing LNG to operate power plants with capacity of 23.900 MW by 2030 is strong. In addition, the 8th Electricity Planning also considers converting LNG power plants into power plants utilizing hydrogen once the technology allows, at which point, the dependence on LNG import will get even lower.
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There are 2 types of LNG pricing on the market: spot price and contract price. Regarding combined cycle gas turbine power plants utilizing LNG, long-term contract price will prevail for the purchase of LNG due to high and stable demand. Contract price shall also be adjusted on a yearly basis based on the market but with a slower pace and without major changes as spot price. At the moment, spot price is rising rapidly (approximately 32 USD/MMBTU in ASEAN in 2021) while contract price is only around 15 USD/MMBTU.
According to the latest outlook of World Bank in April, 2022, the price for LNG to reach East Asia sector in 2022 is approximately 19 USD/MMBTU, LNG price is expected to gradually reduce to approximately 14 USD/MMBTU in 2023, to approximately 13 USD/MMBTU (current price) in 2024, to 8,5 USD/MMBTU in 2030, and to 7,5 USD/MMBTU (current price) in 2035.
According to LNG price outlook in March 2022 of HIS Market, LNG price (for long-term contract) in ASEAN sector is 15 USD/MMBTU in 2022, down to 8,3 USD/MMBTU in 2025, down to 8,05 USD/MMBTU in 2030, to 8, 27 USD/MMBTU in 2045, to 8,75 USD/MMBTU in 2050 (price is converted to 2021 value). According to this outlook, LNG contract price will reduce back to 2020 price from 2024-2025.
Under the 8th Electricity Planning, according to the outlook, the average price for LNG to reach Vietnam in 2021-2045 (price is converted to 2020 value, not including inflation) is expected to be approximately 10,6 USD/MMBTU in 2021-2045, the price for gas to reach power plants averages out at 11,8 USD/MBTU.
Schedule 1: Average electricity production costs using LNG-based combined cycle gas turbine (with 10% discount, price converted to 2020 value)
Initial year of commercial operation
Construction cost (including IDC)
Fixed O&M costs
Variable O&M costs
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Economic life
Tmax
Gas price
LCOE
(kUSD /MW)
(kUSD /MW)
(USD /MWh)
(%)
(Year)
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(USD /MMBTU)
(USD cent /kWh)
2025-2030
930
29.35
2.19
59%
25
6000
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9.2
2031-2045
870
28.5
2
60%
25
6000
11.8
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...
Calculate average electricity production costs of the system (electricity sources) in 2030, in cases where LNG price rises as follows:
Schedule 2: Compare average electricity production costs of LNG combined cycle gas turbine sources with average electricity production costs of electricity system in 2030 and calculate sensitivity when LNG price increases
Entry
Unit
Base price
10% increase
20% increase
30% increase
40% increase
...
...
...
100% increase
Price for LNG to reach power plant
USD/MMBTU
11.8
13.0
14.2
15.3
16.5
17.7
...
...
...
Average electricity production costs of LNG combined cycle gas turbine sources
UScent/ kWh
9.2
9.9
10.6
11.3
11.96
12.65
16.07
...
...
...
UScent/ kWh
8.1
8.22
8.34
8.46
8.58
8.67
8.98
Difference between costs of LNG-based electricity and costs of system electricity
...
...
...
1.1
1.68
2.26
2.84
3.38
3.98
7.09
Increase rate of average electricity production cost of the system
...
...
...
1.5%
3.0%
4.4%
5.9%
7.0%
10.9%
Note: LNG-fired electricity and electricity price is converted to 2020 value without taking into account inflation.
Thus, given the electricity source structures in the 8th Electricity Planning, when LNG price rises by 10%, average electricity production costs of the system will rise by 1,1-1,5%.
If LNG price faces risks of rising dramatically on the global market, the increase of average electricity production costs of the system remains acceptable for Vietnam. When making calculations using the highest rise of LNG price in recent years which is approximately 16,5 USD/MMBTU equivalent to 40%, average electricity production costs of the system will rise by approximate 5,9% compared to the base costs calculated under the 8th Electricity Planning. This price increase is acceptable when comparing electricity price increase rate in recent years (average electricity price increase rate in 2010-2020 is approximately 5,5%/year).
...
...
...
LNG-based electricity development scale in the 8th Electricity Planning is calculated using dynamic programming model on the principle of minimum costs. The model has introduced various solutions for developing electricity sources and selecting solutions that meet technical boundaries and have the minimum costs. Thus, the scale of LNG-based electricity selected for development during planning phase is economically optimal for Vietnamese electrical system. If LNG-based electricity is reduced, other forms of renewable energy and backup, reserve sources will have to be developed since no more coal-fired electricity cannot be developed, hydroelectricity is nearly exhausted, and domestic gas sources are limited which will drive investment and electricity production costs up compared to selected electricity source structures.
The development of 23.900 MW of LNG electricity sources ensures electricity supply reliability in case progress of coal-fired thermal electricity sources that are about to be invested are slowed down, especially BOT electricity sources whose BOT contracts or power purchase agreements have not been signed. If the aforementioned coal-fired electricity sources are not developed and LNG sources in the Central Region are slowed, electricity supply reliability will not be guaranteed according to planning criterion (LOLE ≤12 hours/year) for years with insufficient quantity of water. If LNG sources in the Northern Region are slowed, electricity supply reliability will not be guaranteed according to planning criterion even in years with moderate quantity of water and electricity shortage will transpire in years with insufficient quantity of water.
Due to restrictions of domestic primary fuel suppliers, countries in the Asia-Pacific region has developed gas-based thermal electricity using LNG imported from previous years. Countries have high LNG production include Japan (345 billion kWh, accounting for 34,4 % of total electricity production) and Korea (149 billion kWh, 26,1%) and Taiwan (99 billion kWh, 35,4%).
3.5. Risks in implementation
- For IPP projects implemented by domestic investors (Nhon Trach 3,4 where PV Power acts as project developer; Hiep Phuoc of Hiep Phuoc Company Ltd.): the biggest difficulty is arranging capital from domestic and foreign credit institutions. The project developers are negotiating with EVN about PPA. Despite having not reached an agreement in the PPA yet, the project developers are all using their initiative to meet the progress (leveling the premise, infrastructure work items, and selecting general EPC contractors).
- For IPP projects joined by foreign investors (Bac Lieu of DOE; Long An 1, 2 of Vinacapital- GS Energy partnership; Quang Tri of T&T and Korean Investor Collective partnership): These projects also face difficulty in arranging capital since they have to meet requirements of lending organizations. The lending parties usually lay down requirements to restrict or minimize risks. Many of those requirements do not conform to applicable laws of Vietnam.
For example, in the Bac Lieu Project, DOE requests the following commitment under PPA:
+ Regarding take-or-pay: If the buyer (EVN) does not purchase or receive electricity produced by power plants, EVN is responsible for producing electricity by themselves or paying a definite penalty for a definite electrical production agreed upon by the parties.
+ Regarding LNG price pass-through: LNG price and relevant costs under PPA will be subject to pass-through solution where fuel price is included in power purchase price.
...
...
...
+ Regarding assuring settlement of obligations of the Buyer: PPA requires guarantee of the Government (Ministry of Finance or an authority appointed by the Government) to take EVN’s place in paying electricity bill to the Seller in case EVN no longer functions as a Seller under PPA or EVN loses the ability to pay at a definite point in time. If PPA must be terminated due to EVN’s inability to pay, the investors will request the Government (Ministry of Finance or an authority appointed by the Government) to pay damages for direct damage and damage caused as a result of contract default.
+ Regarding commitment to foreign exchange and foreign exchange rate: Guaranteed by the Government (State Bank of Vietnam) to allow the company to access national foreign exchange reserve to settle debt obligations on a monthly basis and import LNG for power plants. Be allowed to convert to foreign currency using officially announced exchange rate of the State Bank of Vietnam from the national foreign exchange reserves in order to ensure that the revenues in US Dollars are sufficient to cover debt obligations.
+ In addition to other requirements: the investors request that the PPA be governed by UK laws and produced in both English and Vietnamese languages; PPA disputes to be resolved by international arbitration in accordance with general practice applied to international contracts.
4. Propositions and recommendations
Ministry of Industry and trade makes the following propositions and recommendations:
(i) The 8th Electricity Planning is presented by Ministry of Industry and Trade under Presentation No. 2279/TTr-BCT dated April 29, 2022 in order to supply sufficient electricity for socio-economic development.
(ii) Regarding solar power: The 8th Electricity Planning does not introduces solar power sources which have been approved for addition in revised 7th Electricity Planning but not brought into operation to electricity supply-demand balance. However, taking into account the legal risks that might arise when delaying progress of projects whose investors have been approved and solar power projects that are renewable energy sources, the utilization of primary domestic energy potentials and reducing the dependence on import should be seriously considered for implementation given that they must be closely monitored. The Ministry of Industry and Trade hereby requests the Prime Minister to approve:
- Continue to permit implementation and operation of projects/parts of projects whose construction has been complete with total capacity of 452,62 MW and projects whose planning has been produced and investors have been approved with total capacity of 1975,8 MW but have not been brought into operation until 2030. However, these projects must comply with regulations and law on investment, construction, adhere to absorption capacity of the national electrical grid and the ability to release capacity of electrical grids; strictly comply with price structures at the time of operation, and assume responsibilities for project effectiveness according to approved regulations.
If the Prime Minister approves these projects for implementation until 2030, total electricity source capacity of the system in 2030 is approximately 133.878,5 MW for basic solutions and approximately 148.358,5 MW for high-load solutions.
...
...
...
(iii) LNG projects expected to be developed under the 8th Electricity Planning by 2030 with total capacity of 23.900 MW (accounting for 16,4%) is necessary and playing a role to diversify types of electricity sources, coal-fired thermal electricity, ensure safe operation, and adhere to Resolution No. 55/NQ-TW.
(iv) According to goals of Resolution No. 55-NQ/TW “Eligible for importing approximately 8 billon m3 of LGN in 2030 and approximately 15 billion m3 in 2045”; total capacity of electricity sources by 2030 is approximately 125-130 GW. Thus, LNG import demands and total capacity of electricity sources by 2030 expected to be developed under the 8th Electricity Planning is higher than that under Resolution No. 55-NQ/TW. Thus, request the Prime Minister to consider and request the Politburo to coordinate or Central Committee’s Economic Commission to guide the aforementioned criteria before approving the 8th Electricity Planning.
For your information./.
PP. MINISTER
DEPUTY MINISTER
Dang Hoang An
APPENDIX 1:
YEAR-BASED PROGRESS OF MAJOR ELECTRICITY PROJECTS FOR THE PERIOD OF 2021-2030
...
...
...
Project
Capacity (MW)
Project developer
Progress according to the 8th Electricity Planning
Current progress
Expected progress
Difficulty
I. Coal-fired thermal electricity projects
01
...
...
...
110
TKV
2021-2025
FS approved
Project capital arranged
2026 at the earliest
Contractors for the primary contract package of the Project have not been selected. The main cause is that the contract package cost at the time of approval is lower than the operable costs of contractors due to the recent sharp rise in material price.
02
An Khanh - Bac Giang Thermal Electricity
...
...
...
An Khanh Company -BG
2021-2025
FS approved. Several infrastructure work items of the project implemented
Domestic capital for the Project being arranged
2025 at the earliest
03
Thái Bình 2 Thermal Electricity
1200
...
...
...
2021-2025
94% of total progress achieved
4th Quarter, 2022
04
Cong Thanh Thermal Electricity
600
Cong Thanh Company
2021-2025
...
...
...
After 2030
Capital cannot be arranged; project developers are requesting the transition to LNG
05
Quang Trach 1 Thermal Electricity
1.200
EVN
2021-2025
Capital arranged, general EPC contractor selected, ongoing construction.
4th Quarter, 2025
...
...
...
06
Long Phu 1 Thermal Electricity
1.200
PVN
2026-2030
75% of total progress achieved
Currently suspended
Approximately 2027
Due to the US’s embargo on the general EPC contractor of the Project (Power Machine). PM has suspended implementation of EPC contract and filed a lawsuit against PVN.
...
...
...
Song Hau 1 Thermal Electricity
1.200
PVN
2021-2025
Construction completed and test run conducted
2nd Quarter, 2022
08
BOT Nghi Son 2
...
...
...
Marubeni Corporation; Korea Electric Power Company; Tohoku Power Investment Company B. V.
2021-2025
Construction in progress and approximately 99,82% of total progress achieved. Generator group 1 entered into commercial operation from January, 2022; Generator group 2 trial run being conducted
Depending on BOT contract: Power Plant entering into commercial operation in August, 2022
09
BOT Duyen Hai 2
1320
Janakuasa SDN BHD
...
...
...
Entered into commercial operation. COD of generator group 1 be commissioned in June, 2021, COD of power plant be commissioned in December, 2021
10
BOT Van Phong 1
1420
Sumitomo Corporation
2021-2025
Construction in progress and approximately 70,52% of total progress achieved.
...
...
...
11
BOT Vung Ang 2
1330
OneEnergy Asia Limited
2026-2030
Construction in progress and approximately 10,9% of total progress achieved.
Depending on BOT contract: COD of generator group 1 be commissioned in the 3rd Quarter of 2025; COD of generator group 2 be commissioned in the 1st Quarter of 2026
...
...
...
BOT Quang Tri
1320
Thai Electricity International Co. Ltd.
2026-2030
Negotiation over project contracts in progress
Reasons for not signing contracts unknown
Difficulty in arranging capital
13
BOT Nam Dinh 1
...
...
...
Nam Dinh 1 Power Company Ltd.
2026-2030
Negotiation over project contracts in progress
Reasons for not signing contracts unknown
Difficulty in arranging capital
14
BOT Vinh Tan 3
1980
OneEnergy Ventures Limited; EVN
...
...
...
Finalization of project contracts in progress
Reasons for not signing contracts unknown
Difficulty in arranging capital
15
BOT Song Hau 2
2120
Toyo Ink Group Berhad
2026-2030
BOT Contracts signed, investors in the middle of financial arrangement
...
...
...
Difficulty in arranging capital
Thermal power projects utilizing domestic gas
01
Dung Quat 1 Combined Cycle Power Plant (CVX)
750
EVN
2026-2030
FS approved, gas sale agreement in negotiation
...
...
...
Difficulty in negotiating the supply of gas from Ca Voi Xanh (CVX) Mine and synchronously implementing CVX project chains
02
Dung Quat 3 Combined Cycle Power Plant (CVX)
750
EVN
2026-2030
FS approved, gas sale agreement in negotiation
2028
Difficulty in negotiating the supply of gas from Ca Voi Xanh (CVX) Mine and synchronously implementing CVX project chains
...
...
...
Dung Quat 2 Combined Cycle Power Plant (CVX)
750
Sembcorp (BOT)
2026-2030
FS approved, gas sale agreement in negotiation
2028
Difficulty in negotiating the supply of gas from Ca Voi Xanh (CVX) Mine; reserve and progress of gases provided for projects undetermined
04
Mien Trung 1 Combined Cycle Power Plant (CVX)
...
...
...
PVN
2026-2030
2028
Difficulty in negotiating the supply of gas from Ca Voi Xanh (CVX) Mine and synchronously implementing project chains
05
Mien Trung 2 Combined Cycle Power Plant (CVX)
750
PVN
...
...
...
2028
Difficulty in negotiating the supply of gas from Ca Voi Xanh (CVX) Mine and synchronously implementing project chains
06
O Mon 3 Combined Cycle Power Plant (Lo B)
1.050
EVN
2021-2025
procedures for approval of investment guidelines utilizing ODA being adopted
...
...
...
Difficulty in implementing investment guidelines, negotiating for supply of gas from Lo B Mine, and synchronously implementing project chains
07
O Mon 4 Combined Cycle Power Plant (Lo B)
1.050
EVN
Project FS approved, EPC bidding being prepared
2026
Difficulty in negotiating the supply of gas from Lo B Mine and synchronously implementing project chains
...
...
...
Combined Cycle Power Plant in Mon 2 (Lo B)
1.050
WTO - Marubeni
2021-2025
FS being prepared
2026
Difficulty in negotiating the supply of gas from Lo B Mine and synchronously implementing project chains
09
Quang Tri Combined Cycle Power Plant
...
...
...
Gazprom EP International B. V.
No work relating to the power plant conducted by investors. Investors to drill addtiional 6X wells in order to accurately assess gas reserve of Bao Vang Mine, progress of power plant project, and effectiveness of gas power project chain
After 2030
Investors have not been able to assess gas reserve of the Bao Vang Mine, progress of power plan, and effectiveness of gas power project chain
Thermal power projects utilizing LNG
01
Nhon Trach 3, 4 Combined Cycle Power Plant
...
...
...
PV Power
2021-2025
FS approved, general EPC contractors for the Project selected, Project execution being implemented
2025
Difficulty in negotiating PPA and arranging capital for Project execution.
02
Hiep Phuoc GD1 Combined Cycle Power Plant
1200
Hiep Phuoc Company
...
...
...
FS approved, Project capital arranged, Project execution being implemented
2024
03
Bac Lieu GD1 Combined Cycle Power Plant
800
DOE
2021-2025
Finalizing for FS approval and negotiation of PPA with EVN
...
...
...
Difficulty in negotiating PPA and arranging capital for Project execution
04
Bac Lieu GD2 Combined Cycle Power Plant
2.400
DOE
2026-2030
Earliest operation in 2029
05
Son My 1 Combined Cycle Power Plant
...
...
...
2.250
EDF- SOJITS- KYUSHU
2026-2030
FS being finalized
Earliest operation in 2028
Difficulty in negotiating project documents and arranging capital
06
Son My 2 Combined Cycle Power Plant
(BOT)
...
...
...
AES
2026-2030
Project investment guidelines being considered for approval
Earliest operation in 2028
Difficulty in negotiating project documents and arranging capital
07
Long An 1 Combined Cycle Power Plant
1.500
Vinacapital - GS Energy
...
...
...
FS being produced
Earliest operation in 2028
Difficulty in negotiating PPA and arranging capital for the Project
08
Long An 2 Combined Cycle Power Plant
1.500
Vinacapital - GS Energy
2031-2045
FS being produced
...
...
...
Difficulty in negotiating PPA and arranging capital for the Project
09
Ca Na Combined Cycle Power Plant
1.500
2026-2030
Project investors being selected by provincial People’s Committee
Earliest operation in 2028
Difficulty in negotiating PPA and arranging capital for the Project
...
...
...
Quang Ninh 1 Combined Cycle Power Plant
1.500
PV Power- Lilama- Tokyo Gas- Marubeni
2026-2030
Project FS being produced by project developer
Earliest operation in 2028
Difficulty in negotiating PPA and arranging capital for the Project
11
Long Son Combined Cycle Power Plant
...
...
...
2026-2030
Project investors being selected by provincial People’s Committee
Earliest operation in 2029
Difficulty in negotiating PPA and arranging capital for the Project
12
Hai Lang Combined Cycle Power Plant
1.500
T&T- KOGAS- Hanwa- KSPC
...
...
...
Project FS being produced by project developer
Earliest operation in 2028
Difficulty in negotiating PPA and arranging capital for the Project
13
Thai Binh Combined Cycle Power Plant
1.500
2026-2030
Investors selected for project execution and implementation of investment stages as per applicable laws
...
...
...
Negotiating PPA and arranging capital for the Project
14
Nghi Son Combined Cycle Power Plant
1.500
2026-2030
15
Quynh Lap Combined Cycle Power Plant
1.500
...
...
...
2026-2030
16
Quang Trach 2 Combined Cycle Power Plant
1.500
2026-2030
APPENDIX 2:
LIST OF PARTIALLY OR ENTIRELY NON-OPERATIONAL SOLAR POWER PROJECTS WITH APPROVED PLANNING
...
...
...
Project
Province
Planning capacity (MWp)
Planning capacity (MW)
Operating capacity (MW)
Non-operating capacity (MW)
Decision number
Current progress
Planning supplementation
...
...
...
Note
Solar power projects that have approved investors, finished capacity, and are waiting for electricity sale price
1
Phu My Solar Power
Binh Dinh
...
...
...
1.1
Phu My 1 Solar Power
Binh Dinh
120
...
...
...
31,25
64,75
932/TTg-CN dated 23/7/2018
Construction investment completed
TTg
3164/QD-UBND, 17/9/2018
3695/QD-UBND, 14/10/2019
Completed in its entirety; COD commissioned for 31,25 MW on 30/12/2020; waiting for price for the remainder
1.2
...
...
...
Binh Dinh
110
93,75
0
932/TTg-CN dated 23/7/2018
Construction investment completed
TTg
3696/QD-UBND, 14/10/2019
...
...
...
1.3
Phu My 3 Solar Power
Binh Dinh
100
56,25
23,75
932/TTg-CN dated 23/7/2018
Construction investment completed
...
...
...
3166/QD-UBND, 17/9/2018
3697/QD-UBND, 14/10/2019
3103/QD-UBND, 27/7/2021
COD commissioned for 56,25 on 24/12/2020
Completed for the entire 100 MW
2
Thien Tan 1.4
Ninh Thuan
100
...
...
...
0
80
7624/BCT-DL dated 9/10/2020; 1489/TTg-CN dated 27/10/2020
Construction investment completed, awaiting electricity price regulation for operation commissioning
TTg
1921/QD-UBND, 29/10/2020
- Completed in its entirety on 30/6/2021; awaiting electricity generation due to unfinished 220kV power line; awaiting electricity price
3
Thien Tan 1.3
...
...
...
50
0
32
7624/BCT-DL dated 9/10/2020; 1489/TTg-CN dated 27/10/2020
6,3MW/50 MWp in operation, electricity sale price undetermined
TTg
1920/QD-UBND, 29/10/2020
Completed in its entirety; COD commissioned for 8MWp/40 MWp; COD not commissioned for the remainder, awaiting electricity sale price
...
...
...
Thien Tan 1.2
Ninh Thuan
100
0
80
7624/BCT-DL dated 9/10/2020; 1489/TTg-CN dated 27/10/2020
37.8MW/100 MWp in operation, electricity sale price undetermined
TTg
...
...
...
- Completed in its entirety; COD commissioned for 48,23 MWp/100 MWp, electricity sale price undetermined
5
450 MW Solar Power Plant in Phuoc Minh Commune, Thuan Nam District
Ninh Thuan
450
277,88
172,12
70/TTg-CN dated 09/01/2020
...
...
...
TTg
79/QD-UBND dated 03/4/2020, People’s Committee of Ninh Thuan Province
Licensed to conduct electricity work; đã công nhận COD 277,88 MW.
172,12 MW in operation without electricity price
Total
...
...
...
452,62
Solar power projects that have investors and unfinished capacity
1
...
...
...
...
...
...
1.1
Chu Ngoc Solar Power (phase 1)
Gia Lai
15
12,75
0
423/QD-BCT dated 31/01/2018
15 MWp in operation on 03/6/2019
...
...
...
19/QD-UBND dated 14/01/2019 of People’s Committee of Gia Lai Province
COD commissioned on 04/06/2019 and in operation
1.2
Chu Ngoc Solar Power (phase 2)
Gia Lai
25
0
20
...
...
...
Not in operation
BCT
693/QD-UBND, 14/12/2020; 135/QD-UBND, 29/01/2022 of People’s Committee of Gia Lai Province
- Contract signed for production of Feasibility study, 30% advance made
- Land use plan registered. (Document No. 01/CV-ECB-BGD-22 dated 24/3/20221
2
Phuoc Thai
...
...
...
2.1
Phuoc Thai 1
...
...
...
50
42
8
356/TTg-CN dated 9/3/2017
In operation
TTg
463/QD-UBND, 30/10/2017
In operation
...
...
...
Phuoc Thai 2
Ninh Thuan
100
0
100
nt
Not in operation
nt
...
...
...
Fundamental design appraised, bidding organized to select general EPC contractor
2.3
Phuoc Thai 3
Ninh Thuan
50
0
50
nt
...
...
...
nt
221/QD-UBND, 24/02/2020
Fundamental design appraised, bidding organized to select general EPC contractor
3
Ngoc Lac Solar Power
Thanh Hoa
45
0
...
...
...
4322/QD-BCT dated 16/11/2017
Not in operation
BCT
324/QD-UBND, 25/01/2017 of People’s Committee of Thanh Hoa Province
Fundamental design appraised, circuit to be closed from the 4th Quarter of 2022
Contract signed for feasibility study, technical design preparation counseling and preparation, construction drawing appraisal; Explosive ordnance disposal contract; Power purchase agreement; Land lease agreement; Equipment purchase agreement
4
Krong Pa 2 Solar Power
Gia Lai
...
...
...
0
39,2
423/QD-BCT dated 31/01/2018
Not in operation
BCT
239/QD-UBND, 25/5/2018 and 765/QD-UBND dated 01/11/2021
Technical design appraised; Contract signed for construction, purchase, and installation of station, 110 kV power line, and power plant; construction of infrastructure work items and electrical substations in progress
5
...
...
...
Long An
49
0
39,2
1632/TTg-CN
Not in operation
TTg
Decision on investment guidelines No. 761/QD-UBND dated 25/01/2022 of People’s Committee of Long An Province
...
...
...
Awaiting electricity sale price and PPA. Consultants hired to produce/appraise feasibility study. Certificate of land use right obtained. Approval for EIA obtained. Contract signed for purchase of solar power panels, inverter, substations; equipment transport;
6
KN IALY - Gia Lai
Gia Lai
500
0
400
1870/TTg-CN dated 31/12/2020
...
...
...
TTg
435/QD-UBND, 21/5/2021, certificate of investment obtained
- Consultants hired to produce and appraise feasibility study
- Contract signed for cadastral surveying serving clearance, preparation of land lease map-water surface lease map, topographic surveying with 1/500 scale
- Contract signed for production of Report on revision of connection solutions
- Contract signed for production of EIA
7
MT2
Binh Phuoc
...
...
...
0
24
1632/TTg-CN
Not in operation
TTg
Decision on investment guidelines and investor approval obtained under Decision No. 1173/QD-UBND, 24/6/2022
8
...
...
...
Binh Phuoc
30
0
24
1632/TTg-CN
Not in operation
TTg
Decision on investment guidelines and investor approval obtained under Decision No. 937/QD-UBND, 18/5/2022
...
...
...
- Land rented, etc.
9
Chau Duc Industrial Park
Ba Ria Vung Tau
100
58
42
217/TTg-CN dated 9/2/2018
...
...
...
TTg
Certificate of investment of 2019 obtained for the entire 100 MW
Partially into commercial operation (without separating into 2 projects), requesting removal from list of non-operational projects
10
KN Srepok 3 - Phase 1
Dak Lak
380
0
...
...
...
1870/TTg-CN dated 31/12/2020
Not in operation
TTg
QD 523/QD-UBND, 01/3/2022 of People’s Committee of Dak Lak
- Consultants hired to produce feasibility study
- Contract for cadastral surveying, making of cadastral map excerpt, and planting of clearance markers
11
Phu Thien Solar Power
Gia Lai
...
...
...
0
32
1632/TTg-CN
Not in operation
TTg
616/QD-UBND, 20/9/2021, Gia Lai
- Contract signed for purchase of solar power panels, construction, and preparation of feasibility study
- Fundamental design submitted to Department of Industry and Trade for appraisal
...
...
...
12
Trang Duc Solar Power
Gia Lai
49
0
39,2
1632/TTg-CN
Not in operation
...
...
...
428/QD-UBND, 20/7/2021 Gia Lai
Contract signed for production of feasibility study. List of land compensation beneficiaries produced, partial land purchase made, consent of People’s Committee of Gia Lai Province obtained under Document No. 749/UBND-NL dated 08/6/2021 on transfer, capital contribution, land use right lease regulations for project execution
13
Son Quang
Ha Tinh
29
0
23,2
...
...
...
Not in operation
BCT
2908/QD-UBND, 29/0/2018 and 3379/QD-UBND, 06/11/2018
CDT agreement with Huong Son Hydro Power Joint Stock Company (Owner of the 110 kV power line) on connection and release of capacity yet to be reached by project developers
14
KN Ialy Kon Tum
Kon Tum
200
...
...
...
160
1870/TTg-CN dated 31/12/2020
Not in operation
TTg
256/QD-UBND, 02/4/2021, Kon Tum
- Contract signed for measuring, drawing, and making excerpt of cadastral map and planting clearance markers
- Contract signed for surveying, counseling for feasibility study production/appraisal
- Contract signed for production of EIA.
15
...
...
...
Dak Nong
30
0
30
2097/QD-DCT dated 11/7/201-6
Not in operation
BCT
- 423/QD-UBND, 27/3/2020, 1515/QD-UBND, dated 06/09/2021
...
...
...
- Map excerpt produced for transferring land, repurposing to land for energy purposes under Decision No. 411/QD-UBND, 01/4/2019
- Consultants hired to produce feasibility study
- Contract signed for construction work
16
Dau Tieng Lake Solar Power
...
...
...
Solar power project in Dau Tieng Lake. Total capacity of 2.000 MW, among which, 500 MW implemented across 3 solar power plants of Dau Tieng 1, 2, and 3 with 1.500 MW left. Dau Tieng 5: consultants hired to produce feasibility study; deposit agreement signed; land use map produced for the purpose of land clearance
16.1
Dau Tieng 1 Solar Power
Tay Ninh
...
...
...
150
0
1223/TTg-CN dated 18/8/2017
In operation
BCT
3066/QD-UBND, 18/12/2017
16.2
Dau Tieng 2 Solar Power
nt
...
...
...
200
0
nt
In operation
BCT
3065/QD-UBND, 18/12/2017 and 1171/QD-UBND, 27/4/2018
16.3
Dau Tieng 3 Solar Power
...
...
...
150
0
nt
In operation
BCT
3067/QD-UBND, 18/12/2017; 1171/QD-UBND, 487/QD-UBND, 26/2/2019
16.4
...
...
...
nt
450
0
450
7847/BCT-DL; Document No. 1608/TTg-CN
Not in operation
TTg
- Decision No. 323/QD-UBND dated 10/02/2022
...
...
...
17
Thanh Hoa 1
Thanh Hoa
160
0
128
1104/TTg-CN dated 23/8/2018; 5694/BCT-DL dated 23/8/2018
Not in operation
...
...
...
1841/QD-UBND, 01/6/2021, People’s Committee of Thanh Hoa Province
18
Mai Son Solar Power
Son La
10
0
10
...
...
...
Not in operation
BCT
Investment guidelines No. 179/QD-UBND obtained
23/01/2017,
Technical design appraised; requesting removal from the planning under Document No.
738/UBND-KT dated 7/3/2022
19
Thien Tan 1.3
...
...
...
50
0
8
7624/BCT-DL dated 9/10/2020; 1489/TTg-CN dated 27/10/2020
6,3MW/50 MWp in operation.
TTg
1920/QD-UBND, 29/10/2020
Technical design appraised
...
...
...
Total
1975,8
...
...
...
Solar power projects that lack approved investors
1
An Cu Solar Power
An Giang
50
0
...
...
...
1632/TTg-CN, ngày 20/11/2020
Not in operation
TTg
None
2
Hong Liem 6.1 Solar Power
Binh Thuan
50
...
...
...
0
40
2864/QD-BCT ngày 14/8/2018
Not in operation
BCT
None
3
Ayun Pa Solar Power
...
...
...
25
0
20
1632/TTg-CN
Not in operation
TTg
None
...
...
...
Ninh Sim Solar Power
Khanh Hoa
40
0
32
1632/TTg-CN
Not in operation
TTg
...
...
...
5
la Rsuom - Bitexco - ToNa Solar Power
Gia Lai
14,8
0
11,84
1632/TTg-CN
...
...
...
TTg
None
6
An Khe Lagoon Solar Power
Quang Ngai
50
0
...
...
...
1632/TTg-CN
Not in operation
TTg
None
7
Saltwater Lagoon Solar Power
Quang Ngai
50
...
...
...
0
40
1632/TTg-CN
Not in operation
TTg
None
8
Loc Thanh 1-1
...
...
...
50
0
40
1632/TTg-CN
Not in operation
TTg
None
Procedures for investment guidelines being implemented (appraised by Department of Planning and Investment under 617/BC-SKHDT-DKKD). Request submitted to People’s Committee of Province for project execution. Consultants hired to produce feasibility study, fire safety and firefighting design, connection, measurement, etc. Land rented, etc.
...
...
...
Hai Ly Binh Phuoc 1 Solar Power
Binh Phuoc
50
0
40
1632/TTg-CN
Not in operation
TTg
...
...
...
- Procedures for investment guidelines/investor approval being implemented
- Request submitted to People’s Committee of Province for project execution
- Consultants hired to produce feasibility study
- Land rented etc.
10
Song Binh
Binh Thuan
200
...
...
...
200
655/TTg-CN ngày 11/5/2017
Not in operation
TTg
None
EVN appointed as project developer according to Official Dispatch No. 655 TTgCP. Investment guidelines not issued by People’s Committee of Binh Thuan Province
11
Tan Xuan Solar Power
Binh Thuan
...
...
...
0
23,61
1632/TTg-CN
Not in operation
TTg
None
Decision on investment guidelines not issued by local government
12
...
...
...
Dak Lak
50
0
40
1632/TTg-CN
Not in operation
TTg
None
...
...
...
13
la Lop 1 Solar Power
Dak Lak
50
0
40
1632/TTg-CN
Not in operation
...
...
...
None
Document No. 503/SCT-QLNL dated 27/4/2022; investment guidelines not approved
14
KN Buon Tua Srah
Dak Nong
390
0
312
...
...
...
Not in operation
TTg
None
Investment guidelines proposed by project developers (Reported by Department of Industry and Trade)
- On 31/3/2021, Document No. 06/2021/CV-BTS sent by project developers to People’s Committee of Province to request investment project implementation
15
Cu Knia
Dak Nong
180
...
...
...
0
144
1632/TTg-CN
Not in operation
TTg
None
Investment guidelines proposed by project developers (Reported by Department of Industry and Trade)
Permission for implementation of investment project submitted to People's Committee of Province by investors. Included by People's Council of Province in list of project for land expropriation. Investment guidelines requested for approval from Standing committee of Party Committee of Province by People's Committee of Province on 07/03/2022. On 17/5/2022, Prime Minister and Ministry of Industry and Trade requested by People's Committee of Province to maintain project progress for the period of 2021-2025
16
...
...
...
Dak Nong
95
0
76
1632/TTg-CN
Not in operation
TTg
None
...
...
...
Xuyen Ha
Dak Nong
130
0
104
1632/TTg-CN
Not in operation
TTg
...
...
...
18
Floating KN Tri An Solar Power
Dong Nai
1160
0
928
1870/TTg-CN ngày 31/12/2020
Not in operation
...
...
...
None
Application for investment guidelines for KN Tri An 1 Solar Power - 250 MWp, Tri An 2 Solar Power - 410 MWp, and Tri An 3 Solar Power - 500 MWp being prepared by investors.
(Reported by Department of Industry and Trade of Dong Nai Province under Document No. 13 50/SCT-KT&NL 19/3/2022)
- Contract signed for feasibility study
19
Tri An
Dong Nai
126
...
...
...
101
1632/TTg-CN
Not in operation
TTg
None
Investment guideline dossiers not prepared by investors (Reported by Department of Industry and Trade of Dong Nai Province under Document No. 1350/SCT-KT&NL 19/3/2022)
20
Phuoc Trung Solar Power
Ninh Thuan
...
...
...
0
40
1632/TTg-CN
Not in operation
TTg
None
Reported by Department of Industry and Trade of Ninh Thuan Province under Appendix of Document No. 936/SCT-CN dated 9/5/2022
21
...
...
...
Ninh Thuan
230
0
184
1632/TTg-CN
Not in operation
TTg
None
...
...
...
22
Song Cau green Solar Power
Phu Yen
150
0
150
992/TTg-CN ngày 02/8/2018
Not in operation
...
...
...
None
Reported by Department of Industry and Trade of Phu Yen Province under Document No. 168/SCT-NLKT dated 9/3/2022
23
Khe Go Lake Solar Power
Nghe An
250
0
200
...
...
...
Not in operation
TTg
No. 34/QD-UBND dated 01/3/2022 (investors are not yet approved)
Reported by People’s Committee of Province under Official Dispatch No. 2963/UBND-CN dated 26/4/2022
24
Vuc Mau Lake floating Solar Power
Nghe An
200
...
...
...
160
1632/TTg-CN
Not in operation
TTg
No. 35/QD-UBND dated 01/3/2022 (investors are not yet approved)
Reported by People’s Committee of Province under Official Dispatch No. 2963/UBND-CN dated 26/4/2022
25
Tam Bo Solar Power
Lam Dong
...
...
...
0
40
1632/TTg-CN
Not in operation
TTg
None
Written proposal for project implementation submitted to People’s Committee of Province on 21/3/2022
26
...
...
...
Thua Thien Hue
50
0
40
1632/TTg-CN
Not in operation
TTg
None
...
...
...
Decision No. 404/QD-UBND dated 11/02/2020 issued on land expropriation serving Phong Hoa Solar Power Project
27
Remainder of Dau Tieng Project
Tay Ninh
1050
0
1050
...
...
...
TTg
None
Total capacity that lacks investors
0,00
...
...
...
[1] The HHI of electricity sources highlights the diversity of electricity sources in a system. The HHI reflects how well the security of electricity supply stays away from relying too much on any single form of electricity source and/or fuel. Relying too much on any single form of electricity source and/or fuel can cause loss of security of electricity supply in case of dramatic changes to supply and price of the energy. HHI less than 3000 indicates diversity of electricity sources in electrical system. HHI greater than 3000 indicates concentration on limited number of electricity sources.